What filmmaking technique focuses on capturing realistic performances through rehearsals and emotion?

The correct answer highlights method acting as the technique that prioritizes realistic performances achieved through extensive rehearsals and emotional depth. Method acting, rooted in the teachings of Konstantin Stanislavski, encourages actors to draw from their own experiences and emotions to create authentic portrayals of their characters. This approach often involves in-depth character analysis, emotional recall, and immersive rehearsal processes, all of which contribute to a compelling performance that resonates with the audience.

In contrast, while improv acting focuses on spontaneity and creativity in performance, it does not prioritize the same level of emotional realism and character preparation as method acting. Method directing relates to the application of these principles in directing actors, but it is not a performance technique itself. The Stanislavski technique is foundational to method acting, but the term specifically emphasizes the broader practice of actors engaging deeply with their roles, rather than outlining the specific method itself. Therefore, method acting represents the best answer regarding the capture of realistic performances through rehearsals and emotional engagement.